{"id":11142,"date":"2017-08-12T11:09:52","date_gmt":"2017-08-12T11:09:52","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/nwrcegypt.org\/en\/?p=11142"},"modified":"2017-08-12T11:09:52","modified_gmt":"2017-08-12T11:09:52","slug":"erf-announce-the-publication-of-new-working-papers","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/nwrcegypt.org\/en\/erf-announce-the-publication-of-new-working-papers\/","title":{"rendered":"ERF announce the publication of new Working Papers:"},"content":{"rendered":"<h4 class=\"title-slide-md\"><a href=\"http:\/\/erf.org.eg\/publications\/how-gender-biased-are-female-headed-household-transfers-in-egypt\/\">How Gender Biased Are Female-Headed Household Transfers in Egypt?<\/a><\/h4>\n<p class=\"authors-pub col-xs-12\">Lobna AbdelLatif,\u00a0Mohamed Ramadan and\u00a0Sarah Elbakry<\/p>\n<div class=\"media-single social-sharer\">\u00a0In this paper, we claim that the policy of targeting female-headed households\u2019 (FHHs) may generate bias against women in male-headed households (MHHs) who may be more poverty-constrained. Targeting FHHs may have the merit of clear targeting, however, it doesn\u2019t address the feminization phenomenon of poverty; instead, it presents unequal opportunities for women in other families by less favoring them. We argue that proper targeting could be derived based on the number of women in families. The study applied a Gender-Based Poverty Detection Model to provide a good detection of household poverty and show that the vulnerable characteristics of females could be more influenced by the general household\u2019s poverty than females\u2019 headed households. Model results showed that not all FHHs are poor, and that some de jure MHHs include a large number of poor females. This means that targeting only de jure FHHs might result in resource leakage to the non-poor and under-coverage of poor de facto FHHs and poor females in MHHs. The analysis asserts that female headship is not always a correlate of poverty in Egypt. An important correlate, however, is the share of female members in the household. This raises questions about the effectiveness of social assistance and poverty alleviation programs in Egypt in targeting female poverty.<\/div>\n<div class=\"media-single social-sharer\">\n<p><strong>\u0645\u0644\u062e\u0635<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0631\u0642\u0629\u060c \u0646\u062f\u0639\u064a \u0623\u0646 \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0631\u0623\u0633\u0647\u0627 \u0646\u0633\u0627\u0621 \u0642\u062f \u062a\u0648\u0644\u062f \u062a\u062d\u064a\u0632\u0627 \u0636\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0631\u0623\u0633\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0648\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0642\u062f \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u062f\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0631. \u0648\u0642\u062f 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\u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0641\u064a\u0641 \u0645\u0646 \u0648\u0637\u0623\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0635\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0641\u0642\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0627\u062b.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p>Working paper<\/p>\n<h4 class=\"title-slide-md\"><a href=\"http:\/\/erf.org.eg\/publications\/the-effect-of-mothers-employment-on-youth-gender-role-attitudes-evidence-from-egypt\/\">The Effect of Mothers\u2019 Employment on Youth Gender Role Attitudes: Evidence From Egypt<\/a><\/h4>\n<p>Maia Sieverding,\u00a0Rania Roushdy and\u00a0May Gadallah<\/p>\n<p>Cross-nationally, having a working mother during childhood is associated with more egalitarian attitudes among both adult men and women. However, no previous studies have explored this relationship in the Middle East and North Africa, where women\u2019s employment rates have remained persistently low. In this paper, we examine the impact of having a working mother during childhood on Egyptian young people\u2019s attitudes towards women\u2019s roles in the public sphere, gender roles in the household, and ideals around number of children and women\u2019s age at marriage that are related to gender roles. In order to address the potential endogeneity of mother\u2019s work and attitudes formation, we use an instrumental variable approach with panel data from the Survey of Young People in Egypt 2009 and 2014 waves. Mother\u2019s employment is instrumented using the governorate-level female labor force participation rate and percentage of women working in the public sector in 2009. We find that having a working mother during childhood led to significantly more egalitarian attitudes towards women\u2019s roles in the public sphere among both young men and women. However, there was no effect on young people\u2019s attitudes towards gender roles in the household. Having a working mother led to lower ideal number of children among sons, but did not have any effect on views of the ideal age of marriage for women among children of either gender. In the Egyptian context, having a working mother during childhood thus appears to led to more egalitarian attitudes around women\u2019s roles outside the household but not necessarily their roles inside the household. This suggests that attitudes around gender roles in the household may be more strongly socially conditioned and thus less affected by individual experience, and is also consistent with the finding from labor market research that women continue to bear the brunt of housework and childcare in Egypt even when they are employed. Thus, while having an employed mother does have some liberalizing effect on individual attitudes, broader change in attitudes around gender roles both inside and outside the home may be needed in order to foster increased female labor force participation.<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0645\u0644\u062e\u0635<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0639\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a\u060c \u062a\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0641 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0648\u0627\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a\u064a\u0646. \u0648\u0645\u0639 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0644\u0645 \u062a\u0633\u062a\u0643\u0634\u0641 \u0623\u064a 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\u064a\u0639\u0645\u0644\u0648\u0646. \u0648\u0647\u0643\u0630\u0627\u060c \u0641\u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0631\u0631\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u062f\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0642\u062f \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u062d\u0627\u062c\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0623\u0648\u0633\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0632\u0644 \u0648\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0644 \u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0623\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629<\/p>\n<div class=\"media-single social-sharer\">\n<div class=\"media-single social-sharer\">\u00a0Source : Economic Research Forum<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>How Gender Biased Are Female-Headed Household Transfers in Egypt? Lobna AbdelLatif,\u00a0Mohamed Ramadan and\u00a0Sarah Elbakry \u00a0In this paper, we claim that the policy of targeting female-headed households\u2019<span class=\"excerpt-hellip\"> [\u2026]<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":11143,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":true,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[627],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-11142","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-news"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/nwrcegypt.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11142","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/nwrcegypt.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/nwrcegypt.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nwrcegypt.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nwrcegypt.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=11142"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/nwrcegypt.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11142\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":11144,"href":"https:\/\/nwrcegypt.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11142\/revisions\/11144"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nwrcegypt.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/11143"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/nwrcegypt.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=11142"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nwrcegypt.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=11142"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nwrcegypt.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=11142"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}